Michael Green

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Greg Hatton’s factory

In Architecture and building, Environment on October 20, 2011

WHILE Greg Hatton shows me around the old Newstead Co-operative Butter Factory, he carries a tap and a pipe wrench with him.

In fact, he carries the tap and the wrench for the whole afternoon I visit, as he wanders around the factory – his new workshop and part-time home – with his elderly dog Kevin limping along behind.

When you spend time with Hatton, a self-taught furniture-maker, designer and landscaper, you get the impression he always walks with a tool in hand and a plan in mind. It’s just as well, because right now, he’s got a hell of a lot of renovating to do.

Last week, he tried welding – out of necessity, before relocating a tank. “I’ve never been scared of having a crack at something new,” he says. “That process is always really rewarding. It’s the way I approach everything: if someone else can do it, I can do it. All I’m missing is the knowledge.”

In late 2009, he bought the old butter factory on the outskirts of Newstead, a small town in central Victoria. It was constructed in 1904, a time when grazing had overtaken gold mining as the area’s main source of income. Most recently it was a candle factory, but Hatton, who still spends part of his week in Melbourne, is giving it another life.

Tap in hand, he ambles through the huge building, deciphering its curiosities and conjuring its hereafter. The places where the giant drive shafts and cream churns were located will be soon converted into apartments, common areas and exhibition spaces.

Already, the space is a designer’s dream: character literally flakes off the old tiles, bricks and beams; its varied textures are cast alternately in sunlight and shadow.

“I’m trying to make things I want to furnish this place with,” he says. “But I’ve been playing catch up with orders ever since I plonked everything down in the new workshop.”

Hatton is seriously busy, but he’s content. It wasn’t always this way.

After studying environmental management at university, he worked as government fisheries officer. Recently, Hatton recalls, his old boss contacted him, reminiscing that he’d been “a square peg in a round hole” as a public servant.

After six years, he quit and set about chiselling a niche he could fit into. He began crafting chairs from willow branches, gathering the sticks by crawling along blackberry-infested riverbanks. His choice of material had two upsides: willow is considered an environmental weed and, when he fetched it himself, it was free.

Ever since, Hatton has insisted on using recycled or reclaimed materials. He’ll buy offcuts from local timber mills, pick up couches by the side of the road or ask beekeepers for their discarded hives.

At the core of his work is a strong environmental ethic, something he ascribes to his parents, “semi-hippy birdwatchers” who dragged him “around every national park known to man” on holidays from suburban Croydon, in Melbourne’s east.

“A lot of my work is based on the principle of using the pile of materials I’ve got,” he explains. “I try to do that in the most aesthetic way, and that’s the challenge.”

Hatton’s distinctive materials, together with a DIY attitude, have become his trademark. He says he “actively avoided” studying carpentry or cabinet making.

“I try to put things together with old bolts and bits of wire instead, and that’s where the aesthetic for my furniture comes from. As soon as you go down the cabinet-maker mould, you end up making stuff like all the other cabinet-makers. A little less knowledge is sometimes better.”

In his workshop, Hatton shows me a four-poster bed he’s building. The base and slats are made from hardwood seconds and the corner uprights from unsawn Sugar Gum posts that are thin and sinewy, but hard and heavy as stone.

(A piece like this starts at about $3500, depending on the detail. A solid outdoor table, with benches, goes for about the same).

But his simple approach shouldn’t be mistaken as rough or slipshod. Behind all his work lingers a single-minded attitude to design.

“I try to make my things so they’ll last a hundred years. You always see rustic furniture that looks too heavy or clunky. I try and add classic lines to create something that’s not going to date too much,” he says.

Lately, he’s become interested in lighting: one of his fittings employs leftover landscaping netting; another, opaque plastic floral buckets. “I’m always trying to experiment with different materials so I’m not constantly doing the same thing. Everything has to have a little bit of fun or quirkiness to it, otherwise I get bored.”

Hatton’s source for the buckets-cum-lights is his partner, Katie Marx, a florist who specialises in large shows and installations. She is pregnant with the couple’s first child, due at the end of the year.

After my tour of the workshop, we all retire to the concrete slab at the back of the factory, for afternoon tea in the sun. “It was through work that we met,” Marx laughs. “I hired some logs off him – and that started the rot. I still get called ‘The Florist’.”

Recently, for Hatton’s 40th birthday present, she tracked down an old windmill to install on the butter factory’s disused well. The only catch is that it’s still standing in a paddock about 8 kilometres away.

But that’s no worry for Hatton – it’s just one more project to complete. He’s got it on his mind, alongside the concrete air-conditioning tank he wants to convert into a swimming pool, and the handcart he wants to build so they can ride the abandoned railway line that runs nearby.

“It’s quite risky when you say, ‘Fuck it, I’m going to make things for a living’,” he says. “There are a few minor heart attacks along the way. But that just makes you resourceful.”

Just before the sun sets, he wanders off again, finally heading around the corner towards where that tap needs to go, Kevin hobbling along in his wake.

This article was published in Smith Journal, issue one

Backyard aquaponics

In Greener Homes on October 16, 2011

Grow green around the gills with backyard aquaponics

Next to a warehouse in Northcote, there’s a long, white greenhouse. Inside, leafy greens and silver perch are growing together.

It’s a community-scale aquaponics system, run by CERES Community Environment Park as part of its Food Hubs project, which aims to create intensive food production sites in the city.

“Aquaponics is a form of gardening where you grow vegetables and fish in a symbiotic manner,” says Stephen Mushin, the scheme’s coordinator. “The fish wastes are converted into nutrients for the plants.

“It uses about one-hundredth of the water of a regular farm, so it’s especially suited to the dry Australian environment. And it’s suited to urban areas because of its space efficiency.”

That means it works well in backyards too: aquaponics is becoming increasingly popular with householders.

“The most exciting thing is that it’s a way of farming some protein at home,” Mr Mushin says.

“A large part of ecological footprint is in the food we buy and the way we dispose of food waste. By harvesting in your garden you can reduce packaging, water consumption and food miles. It puts food production in your face.”

If you buy a ready-made kit, it’ll cost you a few thousand dollars; if you build it yourself, it can set you back just a few hundred. Mr Mushin says well-designed systems require few ongoing inputs – they can run using water from your roof and need only a small amount of power for a pump.

On October 22 and 23, he’s teaching a short course on aquaponics at CERES, together with biologist Dr Wilson Lennard. Over the weekend, participants will construct a system combining a garden bed of 1 square metre, with a fish tank of 1 cubic metre.

Dr Lennard says rainbow trout is the best catch, because it tolerates a broad range of water temperatures. Depending on the species and conditions, the fish can grow from only a few grams up to about 750 grams in a year.

For the garden beds, he says, veggies will grow well in washed river gravel, which is cheap and widely available.

His most important advice, however, is to research well before plunging in. “You have to make sure you know what you’re doing. That’s mostly about looking after the fish – if you get the fish care right then the plants usually look after themselves.”

To keep the system in balance, you’ll need to test the water’s pH several times per week, keep an eye on its temperature and check nutrient and oxygen levels.

“People who have kept aquarium fish before usually have no problems because the principles are the same. If not, then I always suggest starting small to see how you go,” he says.

Dr Lennard specialises in commercial aquaponics, but he says that even on a small scale, it’s an economical option. “You need few fish and very little fish-food to produce enough nutrients for a lot of plants.”

Like normal gardening, he says, aquaponics will get you out and about. “It’s a good way to get back in touch with the planet – we all live such indoor lives nowadays. And it connects you even more to ecology, because it’s an ecosystem approach. It helps people understand water and nutrient flows, and how animals, plants and bacteria interact.”

Read this article at The Age online, or check out this excellent video on CERES Aquaponics, made by SCOUTFILMS:

CERES Aquaponics from CERES Fair Food on Vimeo.

Many hands make light earth

In Blog on October 12, 2011

LAST week I visited The Plummery, my friend Kat Lavers’ urban permaculture demonstration home. I’d received an email from her, addressed to undisclosed recipients, with a subject line that read, “Come and get mudddddy with me!”

That’s five d’s. That’s a lot of mud. Here’s Kat, when I arrived:


She’s re-building the shed at the back of her yard using a technique called light earth or clay light earth. The basic idea is to pack out the timber frame of a building with a mix of straw and clay.

First, you make a sloppy clay slip (a bucket of mud). Kat had gathered clods of Northcote clay from her backyard when she dug out a small pond. We carefully dissolved the lumps in water and strained it to remove the rocks.


Next, we added straw and jumbled it until the clay wouldn’t run through your fingers when you clutched a handful of the mix. Left overnight, the clay-straw blend turns malleable like putty.

As a building material, the walls provide more insulation than mud-brick, because of the air trapped in and around the straw. For the same reason, however, it offers less thermal mass – the walls themselves don’t retain warmth or coolth for as long. In this case, the method suited the location and design of the shed, which receives little sun on its northern wall and windows.

Kat had prepared some of the mix the day before, so we tried our hands at packing a wall, once she’d screwed the formwork in place. Here’s a section that Kat had completed a week earlier:


“It’s a little bit alarming when your walls start sprouting,” she said, as she pointed out the green shoots. “But I’ve been assured it’s ok.”

It’s better than ok. Solo, light earth building is slow going, but together, it’s a lark. About half a dozen friends popped in to help. When Kat explained that the method has been used for about 400 years in Europe, we all imagined the way villagers would have gathered to assemble each other’s walls. Shortly after, in another time-honoured tradition, our host cooked us a delicious lunch.

The next stage of the building will be the rendering. Kat is planning a lime, sand and clay external render, and an earth plaster on the inside. The studio won’t just be functional; it will be beautiful.

And all this got my brain sprouting. Kat had told me that in the course of her building research, she found there’s no need for a permit for structures that have less than 10 square metres of floor space.

I’ve been thinking about a recent Radio National show on tiny homes, and my rent, and about how housing is the largest expense everyone incurs. And also, about how we pay for it by exchanging so much of our time – perhaps the only thing we truly have – for money. Imagine if I could reduce my housing costs significantly, by building my own shed-home? Could I put it in someone’s backyard? (Samuel Alexander from the Simplicity Collective did that for two years.)

And, then, imagine if that little building was also a beautiful, carefully designed, demountable, light earth dwelling, with a loft for sleeping and a chair for reading? I think it’s worth my daydreams.

Q&A: The Sharehood

In Community development, Environment on October 10, 2011

For the current EarthSong journal, I answered these questions about The Sharehood and why I’m a part of the volunteer collective.

How did the Sharehood begin and what does it aim to do?

The Sharehood began in 2008 when it occurred to web developer Theo Kitchener that he probably didn’t need to walk all the way to the Laundromat – there were many washing machines lying in wait much closer to his house. He just needed to know their owners. And, of course, it wasn’t just washing machines that we could share.

So, together with other volunteers, he developed The Sharehood, a social-networking website that helps neighbours share skills, things and time. When you sign up, you see the hundred members who live nearest to you, and the things they’re happy to lend and borrow. You also see a local noticeboard, where people within walking distance can post events and questions.

People can share anything: veggies, tools, books or washing machines; gardening help, bike fixing, languages or childminding. Often, neighbours get the most out of spending time together – be that at a picnic, swap party, movie night, or with a simple hello in the street.

Tell us about a Sharehood activity which was particularly satisfying.

I’m very fortunate to live in a street with a park in it. In the summer, on warm evenings, we put on free moonlight cinema screenings for all the neighbours. I promote it using the website. Usually, just before it’s scheduled to begin, I knock on doors to gather what we need: extension cords, speakers, rope and so on.

Everyone loves those evenings – they’re easy, free and open to all comers. The movie screenings bring the street to life. They also feel a little wicked in a good way, because we’re gently breaking the normal rules of behaviour (and copyright and council requirements!) that keep us stuck indoors, apart from one another.

There are a number of local initiatives working towards a more sustainable future at the local level.  What is it about this particular initiative that attracts you?   What do you value most about it?

I particularly like The Sharehood, because to me, it gets as close as possible to the heart of the problem, and it does so in a fun, welcoming and generous way that improves people’s wellbeing. It not only challenges our pattern of over-consumption and saves money, but it brings people together. Once people get to know one another in a neighbourhood, a street begins to feel like a community: people are more likely to take an interest in their local issues and – I hope – also become more engaged citizens on a larger scale.

In Australian cities, it has become awkward to say hello to people on the street. My experience has been that most of us are thrilled to have an excuse or a reason to connect with one another – and The Sharehood helps give us the icebreaker we need.

Tell us a little about the worldview that informs your life choices.

I have a very strong sense of gratitude for the life I’ve been born into. But I recognise that my circumstances are a matter of chance. Given my good fortune, I would like not only to strive for personal contentment, but also to share that with others, in whatever way I can. To my eternal wonder, all my experiences have convinced me that these two purposes are inextricably entwined.

When you imagine life in 20 or 30 years time what do you see?

There are so many possibilities, but in one of them, The Sharehood (or something similar) has spread throughout our cities and towns, as one element of strong, engaged local communities – places where we provide for many of our needs while assisting others to do the same. I see a society where improving everyone’s quality of life is the priority, rather than improving material welfare.

How might interested readers connect to the Sharehood or similar initiatives which reduce consumption and increase local community connectedness?

The Sharehood website has all the information you need. It just takes a moment to sign on, and then you can start sharing! If you want to get your neighbours in on the act, we’ve written up a sample letter you can drop in their letterboxes, inviting them to join.

Over-consumption

In Greener Homes on October 9, 2011

The more you earn, the more you travel and shop, and the worse it is for the environment

Inner-suburbanites have bigger eco-footprints than people who live further out, despite having better access to public transport. It might sound surprising, but that’s one of the glaring results of the consumption atlas produced by the Australian Conservation Foundation.

“We found there’s a very strong relationship between wealth and environmental impact,” says Chuck Berger, from the foundation.

The reasons? Shopping and flying.

“People tend to think greenhouse pollution is mainly created by electricity use and driving, but those direct impacts add up to about one-third of our average impact on climate change,” Mr Berger says.

“The other two-thirds comes from the emissions created in producing food and the goods and services we purchase – everything from clothes and electronic goods, to furniture, flights and eating out.”

Using the consumption atlas, you can find out the environmental impact of the average person in your suburb or town, displayed by way of greenhouse emissions, water consumption or land use.

If you want to reduce your spending, you can start by signing up to Buy Nothing New Month, throughout October. It’s the second year of the campaign, which targets over-consumption by promoting alternatives such as buying second-hand, repairing old goods, renting, or taking up hobbies rather than shopping for leisure.

For his part, Mr Berger advocates sharing, whether within the household, among neighbours, or by using community facilities. “Libraries and public swimming pools are classic examples, but there are also new models such as car-share schemes which are taking off in some inner-city areas,” he says.

Dr Samuel Alexander, lecturer at University of Melbourne and founder of the Simplicity Institute, says there’s another confronting message behind the consumption atlas: regardless of the differences between suburbs, nearly all Australians are consuming more than the planet can sustain, if all humanity lived that way.

“As a culture more broadly, if we’re going to take ecological issues seriously, then almost all of us have to rethink our consumption habits – even people who are by no means wealthy,” he says.

Greener Homes voluntary simplicity from Michael Green on Vimeo.

He maintains that the answer doesn’t just lie with technology. All over the world, greenhouse emissions have continued to rise, despite the fact that many production methods have become progressively more efficient.

On the household scale, Dr Alexander says, we must be wary of a similar trap.

“You have to be very careful that the benefits of efficiency improvements aren’t redirected into commodities that have similar impacts. For example, if we save money on power bills by insulating our houses, we shouldn’t use it to buy more plane tickets, but instead, say, to buy a water tank.”

Dr Alexander is conducting an ongoing survey of people who have chosen to live more simply, adopting lower-income, lower-consumption lifestyles. So far, nine out of ten respondents say they’re happier for the change.

He says his findings are consistent with sociological research suggesting the link between consumption and wellbeing weakens once we reach a basic level of material security.

“The core philosophy of voluntary simplicity holds that it’s not about deprivation or sacrifice, but rethinking your lifestyle in a way that you consume less but you live more,” he says. “By limiting your consumption, you’re able to direct more time and energy to non-material pursuits such as time with your friends and family, creative activities and relaxation.”

Read this article at The Age online

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